Wednesday, November 25, 2020

my summary of sg1 season 5 in 2001


my summary of  sg1 season 5 in 2001

note: the need? sadly the summaries at imdb especially the one "showcased" are far from the story in the episode and need much improvement. so i provide a summary.

continued from s4

sg1 s4

there.

   intro: season 5, continues from the cliff-hanger-conclusion. in previous season sg1 attacked cronus. tealc killed cronus fulfilling his mission to avenge his pa. sg1 captured cronus mothership. they bring that space-vehicle to help tokra move. apophis fleet came to attack the tokra base. sg1 threw an active stargate into that sun. it sucks away mass. this loss of mass frees the stars natural fusion explosion  which spreads and consumes apophis fleet. as sg1 escapes, without tealc who was captured, the blast magnified their thrust and threw their sv with apophis sv into another galaxy. 

now: e1, continues both are stranded far from home and sg1 faces the danger of apophis larger sv. how will they defeat that threat? now the conclusion:   

  1, Enemies (29 Jun. 2001) [summary at imdb poor quality so i  must fix but not on their site].-- Sg1 unit destroyed a guld fleet near a tokra base. the blast of the exploding star, magnified their thrust. as they escape from that explosion, it threw them with apophis's larger sv to another galaxy. before apophis shot them, a native sv shot at apophis' sv. as they blast at each other, sg1 escapes and repairs its shild-system. 

Apophis's sv survives the attack. when sg1 emerges from hiding they find it, but no hazard kuz empty from life. they go "ring" to it, to fly it home but the replicator-bugs, natives, are eating it. the jaffa corpses indicate that rb had killd the jaffa. the self-destruct system will soon destroy the sv with the bugs. sg1 grabs some crystals to repair their sv and ring back, as apophis huge sv explodes. 

tealc flew a small sv to rejoin them, explaining jaffa freed him before the self-destruction. Once aboard, apophis and his troops point weapons and capture sg1 revealing the trick. tealc was brainwashed in a sarc' to be loyal to apophis. 

sg1 escapes and enters small sv to exit but replicators that hid in the small sv fly the sg1 sv to "our" galaxy, assembling themselves into a super-engine to accelarate. as they near apophis base, [to eat the quality resources] sg1 causes the sv to crash... They escape in the cargo ship that tealc and apophis came in, as the sv caaptured from cronus crashes into apophis planet, in a massive explosion, ending the threat of apophis and the bugs. 

fixd: not "finds them again and other inaccuracies)

 redd v

Threshold E2, 6 Jul. 2001 

in sgc, Teal'c claims that a psychologist freed him from mind control. He rejects apophis.  Bra'tac senses that tealc lied and it still influenced, ergo he removed Teal'c's symbiote. Teal'c must suffer greatly and must even approach "threshold" of death for freeing the mind-control. he remembers his past story with other jaffa, training with bratac both battle skill and guidance. he served apophis and became first prime.

General Hammond over-rules protest from Dr. Janet Fraiser, and trusts bratac. As Teal'c's mind is dying he breaks free, so they return the symbiote. later, a chemical processed from symbiote snake, will replace the snake. fixd: not "his memories back" he recalled and not from "that time of serving Apophis" but causd by device.


Ascension E3, 13 Jul. 2001  [sadly the summaries at imdb especially the one "showcased" are far from the story in the episode and need much improvement. so i provide a summary.]

  Offworld, sg1 unit finds the remains of a destroyed civilization. Carter studied a device until she faints and fell unconscious. in sgc, jack guessed its a powerful weapon.  At sam's home, she meets a strange man with mysterious ability to walk thru solid cabinets. He reveald that he followed her from his planet of exile. he violated a rule ergo was banished there. He warns not to shoot the alien device.  Sam puts security cameras but they dont show the intruder. 

After the cameras are removed the entity appears and shows her affection. the being  changes into physical. He built a gate and goed to stop the activation of the device. she follows. he "ascends" and saves carter from the danger of an explosion. [fix did hear evidence and had human form]

continued at

sg1 s5, e4

there.


Sunday, November 22, 2020

film "sound of music" 1965, improved summary

 My improved summary of the very popular film "sound of music" 1965. i fixed the wording and order.

the story in the video "sound of music" originated in the  book "The Story of the Trapp Family Singers" by Maria von Trapp. The book was published in 1949. Next, the Broadway musical, "The Sound of Music", based on the book,  premiered on Broadway in 1959. they altered the story in a few details, as below. later in 1965 it was adapted as film. It sold around 142 million tickets (estimate) ranking third most popular of films between 1937 until 2019, (only outranked by "Gone with the Wind, 1939" and "Star Wars, 1977".)

the play and the film differ from memiors.  Maria's memior tells job to watch one of the children. This detail was altered for play to watch all 7.  a boy was oldest of these 7 kids, altered in play to a girl. Maria and the Captain wed in 1927, a decade married  before fleeing, but changed to wed near fleeing.  they fled to Italy via train, altered in video as follows.

summary:   


  During the decade 1930's,  in Salzburg, Austria, miss Maria left a nunnery, as advised by the religious guide.  She went to a job to watch  seven motherless orphan children. Their father, Captain Von Trapp, demands military discipline from his kids. while pa at military job, these kids  showed lack of proper discipline and some acted mischievous, kuz pa not with them at home.  Maria involves them in activities related to music and singing. By employing fun, Maria guides them to cooperate with her and to behave properly. eventually forms a relationship with them. 

   The captain comes home, after a few days, with a baroness,  When he sees the children acting different than military discipline, he is angry. However, when he hears his children sing he sees they are organized. The children learn songs and skills related to singing.  The captain gives a party celebrating his plans to wed this baroness. when he danced with Mary, his fiancée sees. Then the children sing "so long farewell. The captain finds it good. The fiancee of the captain helps m' choose a dress and can watch the kids, ergo Maria journeyed back to the monastery. Mother superior sent her back to wed the captain, who cancels his plans to wed the baroness but insted loved maria. they  wed and go on honeymoon.

During the trip Uncle Max, a manager, watches the children. He arranges for the children to sing at the Salzburg Festival. He knows that father Von Trapp forbids the Children from singing in public, but their father is not present.

  In 1938, the nazis took power over Austria, (from the existing government), ergo the captain and Maria return home earlier than Max expected. The kids were singing at the Festival that night, so pa stopd them.

The Nazis demand pa for their military. He drives his family from home to flee the nazis.  pa relyd on the name-list of the festival, he can say that they are driving  to it.  The kids sing in a theatre. Although nazis watched, during the show  the whole family escapes . On foot they walk over the mountains to Switzerland. 



solving disputes and arguments

the idea of debate school is HARMFUL because people can use CLAIMS and debate methods to promote both falsehoods and harmful ideas. insted the key to solving arguments is QUALIFIED sources.

imagine the absurd scenario: i am in an airport and a man approaches me explaining he is from canada. while we wait for our FLIGHT the canadian wants to talk about the MOST important issue, health. granted. we cant function when we are sick and dying.

the canadian then lists many flaws about american healthcare... each example never happened to me but that is "the exception"... as if the canadian investigated? as if he went and made "a study at EACH clinic" to know my experience was the exception?? he is in canada i am the one experiencing the cancellation of "cease" insurance and COERCED into changing insurance provider no choice and other experiences, other flaws but not the ones the canadian lists... but he uses DEBATE METHODS to claim he knows without investigating more than the locals because "your experience" is "no proof" kuz you are the exception... that is debate methods. claims are emptyu i can "claim" solomon had historical ownership of china... if i use debate methods on the denier i can "win" the debate... about a falsehood or worse a harmful idea. 

case in point as d.a. kammila harris was "skilled' at debating and convincing the  the jury to vote guilty.... until cops CAUGHT the one who did it. and she is the one biden incompetently chose as vice president.... anyway being skilled in debate can lead to harm by using claims.

what about facts? two newspapers can report different numbers for unemployemnt in the city... then when trump quotes EITHER source the "fact-checkers" say "he lied again see other source",

that is not fact checking.

the key to solving arguments is QUALIFIED source not debate techniques which can be used to harm falsely accused as in case of harris and other harms and falsehoods.


Tuesday, November 10, 2020

fix bad summary of exciting sg1 s2 and s1

why need? kuz summary differs from story or vague or wrong or not summarizing the story.

s2e1  serpents, continuing [from the previous episode, when Jackson brout warning of a guld attack], sg1 risks court-martial, and went thru gate to the coordinates that Jackson brout. guld fly super-tec war-vehicles to annihilate earthlings.  sg1 is in the guld sv with bombs.  sg1 got captured, how escape their own bombs?

fixd: not "fleet" not "launch surprise attack" came and orbit visible, not merely "attak earth", the threat is bigger despite not a fleet, not  "enough to destroy both" not "ther objective"

2, Guld attak a village, so sg1 was  evacuating the victims. carter breathes into an injured man when a guld invades her body [recall kowalski? in s1e2 and his ending!]. she came back to sgc bringing it with her and claiming it is an enemy of guld. matters get worse when an invader gets to her cell and zaps her. How will she survive? How will they save d.j. when the invader holds him hostage, demanding they open the gate.

fixd: not demon also story not about "mission" nor about "interplanetary" could be local guld or interplanetary but not the story. also story not about "find a way to destroy guld but not her" that is not the story.

3 prisoners, on a boring planet, sg1 helps a guy, who turns out to be running from the court. the council accused sg1 for helping a criminal and sent them to a prison cavern. a lady has tec and helps them escape. Who is she?

not desolate, not "has power" no "price" 

4 gamekeeper, sg1 went to a paradise planet. while enjoying a flowery garden, tec traps sg1 and invades their minds. they must "relive"their most painful memories. how return to reality?

not "exploring garden" nor strange, not knocked,time true "before".

reviewing season 1, disk 1-2

1, rescue mission for captured lady, but sg1 also got captured

2, a guld in a soldier controls him

3, sam vanished. someone abducted and traded sam. she knife dueld a leader

4, a virus makes sgi primitive and brutal

5, a soldier acted like a god enslaver

6, nano bots accelrate o' soon nears death

7, a blue crystal copied o' how will replica get home before its energy blasts out

8, tealc in cave with o'. they cant leave due to a device that would kill the guld in t  and cant stay kuz a being attacks them. how tealc escape?

repeat season 3

3,1 shapeshifters control sgc

2, judging to free host

3, sg1 host a man in their mind

4,  onil stranded when asteroid destroys a sg

 

Monday, November 9, 2020

fix bad summary to exciting sg1 s1, e9-18

star gate sg1, season one 1997-8

  the official summaries are very different than the story in the video in many details so i must provide a better summary.

continued from 

https://thinkforyourselfn8.blogspot.com/2020/03/my-summary-of-series-sg1-se1-ep1-8.html

there.

e9, dj learnt that a guy did succeed to go thru the sg, decades ago. sg1 went to retrieve him. they came to a crumbling castle, where the dial device fell into the sea. how will they return?

10, tealc came to chulak, his home planet, to bring a guld to sgc' for study. there he learnt that he must now save his son from becoming a slave to grow guld in his body. the son was very ill. should he give guld to save life? but that would enslave him? liberty or death?

11, sg1 returned to sgc and can't remember why dj is missing. how will they rescue daniel?

12, sg1 tried to ambush apophis. but all got killed dead. aliens revived them. despite power the aliens refuse to fight guld, until guld attack. how will they defend?

13, a guld got awoken from a mayan pyramid. she controlled the men in sgc. how will sam save them?

14,  tealc faces death penalty. note: volume 4 has five episodes: 14 tealc faces death penalty. 15 a girl has a secret bomb inside her. 16 tollan refuse to teach how will sg1 prevent the tollan  imprisonment? 17 sg1 wakes in android bodies. how free their human bodies? 18 c&o came thru a gate under ice, insted of sgc. how will j&t find them?

__detailed: 

1,14/15 cor, [1998] an alien recognizes Tealc as the one who killed a man there. tealc gets imprisoned and faces punishment. How will sg1 save him? removed flaws: "not about travel, not only arrested, some dont recognize" and the dumb question "can they save" obviously yes but how?

1,15/14 singularity [1997] sg1 went on a mission to study a "singularity" by another planet. There, Sam finds a young girl who survived the plague that killed everyone including an sg team. after  sg1 brings the traumatized girl to sgc, she finally tells her name "cassandra". cas' faints and they find technology assembling in her hart, a bomb that will soon destroy sgc. they move her to a subterranean bunker but sam feels frustrated leaving the girl to die alone... fixed "for a girl not litl just young, not know name til later, not girls secret, the bomb assembled not planted a bomb, and the dumb question can she save the girl? no ! and carter doesnt save her. insted my summary is nearer to the story.

1,16 enigma [1998], sg1 carries some people who were choking, from near a volcano blasting deadly gasses and ash, to sgc. the human refugees want to leave and refuse to share their tec'. sg1 respects their decision about the knowledge, how will the civilian d.j. help the refugees escape from unjust "imprisonment and interrogation"? How will they contact the super-tec nox [episode 12]? When nox  dial "in", what will happen in the gate room?    fixed not "survivors" the others were safely  evacuated. the people not "highly developd survivors" only their tec' is advanced. vague which cataclysm, and WHO are you calling "wrong hands"?? hint the author of these summaries used the word "comrades" [in 1,14] a commie who wants u.s. weak and considers u.s. the wrong hands which is a hideous thing to say if not truly in the story! also onil does not "stake all" not risk  life nor even court !! so i must fix even the official summary.  the "knowledge" was not the issue but the treatmet of the refugees.

1,17 tin, on a planet, sg1 mysteriously gets zapd. they wake wearing the same but black uniforms. a native named harlan welcomes them. sg1 returned to sgc and see they have no human body. their mind are in androids. how will free their bodies?    fixed not "landing" onto land and not immediate "upon landing". android is good. not for  "regain body" also story lacks if they believe in "soul/spirit" not the issue anyway insted to free the bodies, very so much to fix. 

1,18 solitude, sg1 gets separated when the gate overloads and blasts away the human-additions. dj&t came thru gate to sgc but without j&s. carter and o'nil come thru a gate UNDER ice. they are stranded and cant find the dhd. o' leg was injured so cant move. s' searches for the dhd and explores the ice.the cold is freezing them to death. HOW find j&s?     fix not "defect" in gate, it overloaded. not "on icy wastland" just WRONG but freez is accurate.  will find, wrong to say "nobody can". 

19 continued at

sg1 s1 e19

there.

less is more

 despite Christian less birth more total 

despite muslim more total slower growth.

 during the time population india 1.26 increase added 26%, then hindu only added 23. not kuz less birth insted Christian lowest birth rate. despite that chr. same %pop' despite lowest birth rate so added from hindu. muslims by 2001 had added 45% but later only add 24% from 2001 til 2011 still greater than 17% population growth explained by muslim poverty yet slower by far less than previous growth.

Tuesday, November 3, 2020

battle of concord with intro

spring 1775 rebellion started colonists "poured hot tar on tax collecters" to avoid paying and to scare the tax collectors away. april 19 brit from boston ms' attacked rebels.  brit army came to lexington ms' shot at each other.  actions showed that the colony hated tax. at first loyal to king but mad at parliament for policy.  later a book taught monarchy mon means one leader king bad system so revolt.

what led to this battle?

  short intro:   brit, france, spain , and portugal made colony in land they found.  the invaders found cultures that killd human sacrifice:  tragic that maya "maya in meso' FREQUENTLY killd human sacrifice". "like aztecs the maya regularly killd human sacrifice obeying book "popol vu"the god tohil asks for human sacrifice.

in contrast inca killed human child,  aztec on top temple cut out beating hearts same as maya who also cut heads off.  the spanish destroyed these evil cultures establishing the torture inquisition less evil there same as in spain.

note: either continue brief intro below or for more detailed intro see

https://thinkforyourselfn8.blogspot.com/2020/11/introduction-to-us-history.html

brit colony in new england near cont' river 400 mile long also colonies brit near ch' bay.

colony pay tax to brit but as tax increased hated the tax and even stopped sending poducts by jan' 1775 almost all products not sent to brit "imports into brit less by more than 90 percent". 

battle of lex' at this point each militia had different flag til later 1777 symbol 13 states are united

  details lex:  brit redcoats marched all night from boston. at dawn 19 brit soldiers reached lex' saw militia and shot. militia returned fire see link.

brit to concord ms' exchanged fire. brits successfully destroyed colony weapons. then began marching back but along road twenty mile march to boston, militia meaning small groups with rifles, surprised and shot from both sidess many times.  by the time the survivors of brit reached fort boston, missing almost 300 kuz 73 dead and 200 more wounded.

  next

fort ticonderoga, may 1775 in north n.y.s. captured cannons from brits

bunker hill june 17, 1775 near boston , brit try to brek seige of boston lost many redcoats so retreated 

winter moved captured cannons to boston. march 5, 1776 cont' cannons bomb brits in harbor for a few days til  evacuate fleet left boston , b' freed from brit but fleet to halifax and later to n.y.c. 

Monday, November 2, 2020

introduction to u.s. history

 u.s. history

short intro  before 1776: Although in schools they did teach us about ponce de leon, so although i mention him FIRST academicly, he is less famous, so before him we start with the famous one. the cause of the fame is a "federal vacation" for government,  in autumn named  colombus day. colombus was italian and found an island see below. In 1937 president Franklin d. Roosevelt-d made Columbus Day a federal holiday.

the fact that colonialism brought harm, wars and even slavery to natives,  and that fdr-d  was a democrat emphasizing colonialism is consistent with biden-d segregation accurately representing his political-party anti-equality idea veiled by the pretty name democratic, see endnote. but now about famous columbus.

c.c. went from italy, to spanish king for money to find a short way to india for spices.  the Spanish-funded boats reached islands. not exactly america. spanish made colonies on the islands for example cuba, in 1492 found for spain and conquered from natives 1511. held til 1762

also colony in florida. IN SCHOOL books, they taught about  Ponce de León led an expedition from spain to the coast of what is now Florida in 1513. in 1521, he led colonizing there. soon battled a war with the natives. he was fatally wounded dying the same year 1521. [note: about spanish colony.  colonized mexico and made war on inca too:

1, mexico land shaped like the "stem" of flowers. there maya cities from around 700 until 1300 aztec natives conquered maya. aztec ruled mexico til spanish 1520 destroyed aztec. language spanish. later they attacked inca.

2,  1450 inca cities in peru 1530 sp' battle and destroy inca. language spanish like mx n arg.]

back to u.s. 

year in 1550 france made a colony in florida but the spanish attacked and captured it, claiming all florida for spain.

from 1550 to 1750 the spanish colony made the natives with red-copper skin slaves to work the land.

around 1750 british made a war in cuba and conquered it. in 1763 exchanged, spain gave florida colony to british in exchange for cuba island.

1776 the british colonies on east coast declared independence from britian. they joined into 13 states called united states. a major war was fought tht took many years. until 1789 prez washington was first president.

part one: detais of the war.



phase 3

1800 u.s. bought luisiana and vast lands from france.

1810 u.s. invaded british florida

phase 4

later interaction the settelrs spread west until meeting natives with strange beliefs. 

region arizona: "tribe Hopi legend their ancestors came from the Pleiades" despite far another tribe confirms

region sw from lake superior river mni-sota, Dakota tribe legends stars  Pleiades, [ Tiyami], as the abode of the ancestors."

pl' near trs

may 15 sun by taurus and by pld, sunsets around 19:30 then pl near horizon 

similarly  Zuni tribe legend 'ancestors who came from the sky" matching japan korea and some china legend

but differs from dogon in africa their legend is different stars sirius in contrast the confirmation is more important.

the story continues with battle of concord

https://thinkforyourselfn8.blogspot.com/2020/11/battle-of-concord-with-intro.html

endnote about columbus day

some respond critically to emphasizing colombus day due to the wars caused by clonialism. as mentioned the spanish anslaved the natives.  the democrat party attitude is far from the idea of "equality in democracy" like equal rights for all, the name only a "pretty" veil for ideas the opposite of equality. 

fdr-d did emphasize colombus day despite spansi colony caused war and slavery and similarly biden-d continued the tradition of his political group... struggling to keep schools seperate called anti-integration. sadly 47 years later the racist not oly did not RETIRE but worse dnc VOTERS chose him as a nominee over better possibilities such as amy klaubachar, also not perfect but biden far worse yet the democrat party voters showed they liked biden more.

Sunday, November 1, 2020

summary gone wind part 2

part 2 continuing from the summary:

https://thinkforyourselfn8.blogspot.com/2020/10/my-summary-of-gone-with-wind-top-film.html

there, pert two of summary:

 After the union victory Sc' and ladys work the land, themselves, due to the freedom of their slaves. her father is acting senile. Tara's fields are bare due to no workers.  [those awful yankees took our food, as if confederate soldiers had not taken their food. who preserves that? the video "free state of jones 2016"].

Scarlett arranges for her sisters to work in their cotton fields. Melanie wants to help but Scarlett warns her if she does not rest then melanie will become a burden. A "yankee" comes to steal... kuz its fiction but sc' shot him. 

Scarlett's "pa" rode a horse to  chase away a trespasser. tragicly when the horse jumped the fence [not thrown from his horse] he falls and died. 

With the surrender of the Confederacy, the war "ends" so Ashley returns to his family. He can join the work in the fields. Sc' tries to wed several men for the sake of her goal but rhett wants to remain single and ashley is married to  Melanie. 

How to rebuild? by tax but cant tax the poor? the government collected tax from the  land owners, kuz owned land, huge taxes for funding the rebuilding. sc' lacks funds for the tax. so she pretends that she loves a guy named Frank kennedy, kuz he owns a store. he was fiancee engaged to sc' younger sister Suellen. however su' did not want to wed now anyway so sc' told f' that su' did not want to wed him but insted that she did if he would marry now. so sc' n f' wed. sc' manages a Lumber Mill for profit hiring a harsh supervisor.

A criminal attacked Scarlett while driving through a shanty town.  a freed slave helps and rescued sc'.  Ashley, Frank, Rhett and several other accomplices make a night raid to avenge and find the perp and his gang. frank returns shot. a cop asks questions so they hide his injury but he died.  after Frank's funeral, sc' widow again so Rhett proposes to wed Scarlett. she accepts. they enjoy a fancy Honeymoon.

part 3 

Bonnie Blue's Birth: Sc' bore a daughter named Bonnie Blue.

Scarlett complains that her stomach remains stretched refuses future kids ergo separate beds.

Ashley's sister saw A' hug sc'  at the mill. she spreads rumors that sc' violates her marriage commitment to rhett. Sc' acts angry and refuses to leave her room. That evening, Rhett orders Scarlett to attend a's birthday party. they go and Melanie defended sc' announcing not to believe the gossip about sc'

Later at home Rhett is drunk and argues about Ashley. Rhett demands they behave same as married people that night, and carries the struggling Scarlett to the bedroom.

the following morning, Rhett apologizes for his behavior and offers Scarlett a divorce. she rejects, saying that would shame her [and strengthen the rumor].

Rhett took Bonnie to London. when  they return from London, they see Scarlett is pregnant. they argue until sc' tries to angrily push rhett... when he dodged she toppled down the stairs. later, sc' is in bed recovering, after the fetus died, when Bonnie fell from her pony and dies.

Scarlett and Rhett visit Melanie. who is dying. m' wishes for Scarlett to wed Ashley. but sc' feels confused. now that she can have ashley she does not want him anymore. r' said now you can have him as you always wanted and i will leave.

sc' begs him to stay saying she does love r' ...and not Ashley. Rhett was fed up with her. He walks away from the house into the morning fog.  

She stands on the staircase,  and announces she will go  to Tara and think about all this "tomorrow".  the end. 

  end

my edit to mgm in case reverted

 Georgia, U.S., in 1861, (before the start of the American Civil War), Scarlett O'Hara lives with her family on a plantation named Tara. (Scarlett has two sisters). Two young men visit her, who want to dance with her at a barbecue. They talk about the possible war brewing between the Southern and Northern States. Scarlett stops them from talking about war, and instead talks about the barbecue at the home of her secret love, Ashley Wilkes. They tell her that there he will announce his engagement to wed Melanie Hamilton, his cousin.

The next day, at the  plantation named Twelve Oaks,  Scarlett flirts with and then argues with Ashley who insists he will wed Melanie. A guest, Rhett Butler heard and talks with her. Suddenly,  somebody announces that war has begun. The men rush to enlist.

Scarlett hurriedly marries Charles (Melanie's younger brother) before he leaves for war. Charles's dies in battle, so Scarlett went to Atlanta. At a charity bazaar, she talks with Rhett who earns money as a blockade runner supplying the Confederacy. She creates a scene by waltzing with Rhett, wearing her mourning attire.

The tide of war turns, when the Confederacy gets defeated at the Battle of Gettysburg, in July, 1863. Many (troops on both sides including) men from Scarlett's town died in war.

Northern troops of the Union Army acheive numerous victories as they march through the Southern States. They came and attacked Atlanta in July, 1864. then Scarlett aids Melanie to gives birth. 

end contribution